Liver cancer, specifically hepatocellular carcinoma, is one of the fastest-growing cancer diagnoses globally. Marián Hajdúch discussed the causes and prevention strategies in a recent interview on Czech Television’s news program Horizont.
In developing countries, the main driver of hepatocellular carcinoma remains chronic infection with hepatitis B and C viruses. According to Prof. Hajdúch, approximately 70% of cases can be attributed to these infections. However, a highly effective vaccine against hepatitis B is available. “The introduction of universal newborn vaccination has led to a dramatic decrease in liver cancer cases of infectious origin in European countries. This is likely the most impactful preventive measure for low-income regions,” he said.
In contrast, Western countries face different risk factors—most notably excessive alcohol consumption and high caloric intake. “It’s a cost of prosperity,” Prof. Hajdúch commented, emphasizing the importance of public education and lifestyle changes in reducing cancer risk.
The situation in the Czech Republic reflects broader European trends. With approximately 1,000 new liver cancer cases per year, projections suggest that this number could double by 2050. “In addition to hepatocellular carcinoma, we are also seeing a rise in many other cancer types—driven by an aging population but primarily by persistent lifestyle-related risk factors,” he added.
When asked whether the Czech healthcare system is prepared for such an increase, Prof. Hajdúch expressed concern: “Unfortunately, I don’t believe our system—or any healthcare system globally—is ready. The World Health Organization estimates that cancer deaths will rise from 10 million in 2020 to nearly 28 million in 2040. This growth will place an immense strain on healthcare systems—not just financially, but in terms of capacity and workforce. It is one of the greatest challenges facing both developed and developing countries.”
Watch the full video HERE.